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| Wenn Du etwas näher erklären willst, kannst du einen Relativsatz verwenden. Er wird innerhalb des Satzes eingeschoben und durch ein Relativpronomen ('''''Relative Pronoun''''') eingeleitet:
| | Im [[Tenses/Past_Simple|Simple Past]] besteht das Verb im Passiv aus zwei Bestandteilen: |
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| | <span style="display: inline-block;font-size:2em;background:yellow;padding:0.2em 0.5em;border-radius:0.2em;text-align: center;width: 20em;"> <span style="display:inline-block;border-right: 1px dashed black;padding-right: 1em;text-align: center;width:10em;line-height:150%;">was, were<br>(Form von "to be")</span><span style="display:inline-block;text-align: center;width: 8em;line-height:150%;"> past participle (3.Form)</span></span> |
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Nessie lives in Loch Ness.</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic">Nessie is a monster.</span>
| | == Interactive exercises == |
| | === The King of Rock'n Roll === |
| | Put in the verbs in the passive form. |
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Nessie </span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"> '''who''' lives in Loch Ness </span> <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic"> is a monster.</span>
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Loch Ness is a lake.</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic">Loch Ness is in Scotland.</span>
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Loch Ness </span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"> '''which''' is in Scotland </span> <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic"> is a lake.</span>
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| Relativsätze werden mit den Pronomen '''who''' (bei Personen), bzw. '''which''' (bei Sachen) gebildet. Die [[Word Order]] <span style="background:tomato;padding:0.1em 0.5em;border-radius:0.2em;">S</span> - <span style="background:#fff19d;padding:0.1em 0.5em;border-radius:0.2em;">V</span> - <span style="background:skyblue;padding:0.1em 0.5em;border-radius:0.2em;">O</span> gilt auch im Relativsatz.
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| {{Achtung|Bei Definitionen einer Sache oder Person ist auch der Relativsatz in der 3. Person singular! Denkt an das [[Tenses/Present_Simple/He,_she,_it_...|he,she,it <span style="background:orange;">-s</span>]]!}}
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| === whose ===
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Nessie</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"> '''whose''' head is small and '''whose''' body is very long</span> <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">is a monster</span>.
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Nessie is a monster</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"> '''whose''' head is small and '''whose''' body is very long. </span>
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| Durch das Relativpronomen '''whose''' (dessen, deren) kann man anzeigen, dass jemanden etwas gehört (Besitzfall). Es ist bei Sachen und Personen gleich. Es entspricht dem deutschen "dessen oder "deren".
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| == Contact Clauses ==
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| '''''Contact clauses''''' sind Relativsätze, in denen man das Relativpronomen einfach weglassen kann:
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Nessie</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"><s>who/that</s> I saw at Loch Ness</span> <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">is is a famous monster.</span>
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| : <span style="background:#fff19d;font-style:italic">Look! Here’s a photo</span> <span style="background:#ffbe7d;font-style:italic"><s>which/that</s> I took there.</span>
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| {{Achtung|
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| *Folgt nach who/which/that ein Name, Nomen oder ein Pronomen, darf man das Relativpronomen weglassen.
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| *Folgt nach who/which/that ein Verb, ist das Relativpronomen notwendig!}}
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| → [[Englisch/Grammatik/Relative_pronouns/Contact Clauses|Contact Clauses - Exercises]]
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| == Interaktive Übungen ==
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| Move the words into the gaps:
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en"> | | <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en"> |
| <span class="fett">1.</span> A caravan is a house <em> which </em> has got wheels.
| | Elvis ''was born'' on Jan 8, 1935. |
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| <span class="fett">2.</span> Neighbours are people <em> who </em> live near you.
| | He ''was given'' a guitar when he was 9. |
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| <span class="fett">3.</span> A camera is a thing<em> which </em> takes photos.
| | He ''was discovered'' when he recorded a song for his mother. |
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| <span class="fett">4.</span> Horses are animals <em> which </em> you can ride.
| | His first single ''was released'' in January 1956. |
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| <span class="fett">5.</span> An aunt is a person <em> who </em> is your mother's sister.
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| </div> | | </div> |
| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| <span class="fett">6.</span> Friends are other boys and girls <em> who </em> you like.
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| <span class="fett">7.</span> Wales is a country <em> which </em> starts with the letter "W".
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| <span class="fett">8.</span> Holidays are the times <em> which </em> you spend away from home.
| | === Military Service in Germany === |
| | Put in the verbs in the active or passive form. |
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| <span class="fett">9.</span> South is the direction <em> which </em> is the sun's position at noon.
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| </div>
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| === Advanced exercise ===
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| Put the words into the gaps
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en"> | | <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en"> |
| Loch Ness is a lake<em> which ()</em> has got a monster in it. (maybe!).
| | In 1958 Elvis Presley ''got(get)'' a draft notice for his military service. He ''was allowed (allow)'' to finish the forthcoming album. |
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| Around the lake there live many Scots <em> who ()</em> are fishermen.
| | On March 24, 1958, he ''started (start)'' his service in Fort Smith, Arkansas. |
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| In every weather <em> which ()</em> can be really bad they go out fishing in their boats <em> which ()</em> are quite old and small.
| | He ''was sent (send)'' to Germany. |
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| They fish all day <em> which ()</em> can be really long in summer.
| | When his ship ''arrived (arrive)'' in Bremerhaven, he ''was greeted (greet)'' by thousands of German fans. |
| </div> | | </div> |
| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| There are some people <em> who ()</em> see Nessie every now and then.
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| An old fisherman told me a story <em> which ()</em> I didn't believe first:
| | {{Show-Hide|In 1958 Elvis Presley ''got(get)'' a draft notice for his military service. He ''was allowed (allow)'' to finish the forthcoming album. |
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| When he was young <em> which ()</em> was really long ago Nessie came right to his boat <em> which ()</em> was going up and down in the waves.
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| The she looked at him for a long time <em> which ()</em> seemed endless and dived (also:dove) down into the depths again.
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| </div>
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| === who, which or whose? ===
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| Move the words into the gaps:
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| "Have you ever heard about Loch Ness <em> which </em> is the most famous lake in Scotland?"
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| "You mean the lake <em> whose </em> monster is so famous".
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| One day a reporter <em> who </em> came to Loch Ness looked for the monster everywhere.
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| He went with a sailing boat <em> which </em> he got from a fisher around the whole lake.
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| Nessie's body <em>which </em> is blue with red spots was seen in the water.
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| The lake <em> whose </em> length is over 36 km is very deep.
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| In the deepest parts there is a cave <em> which </em> is really long. | |
| </div>
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| Put in who, which or whose:
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| One day the Loch Ness Monster <em>which ()</em>lived deep in the water of Loch Ness came out of the water. It went to the castle <em>which()</em> was very old .
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| The knights <em>who()</em> saw the monster tried to catch it. But they didn't have a chance because the castle <em>which()</em> was ten meters high was smaller than the monster, so the monster distroyed the castle. It was the castle of King Michel<em> whose()</em> daughter had died five years before. The Monster <em>which()</em> looked very frightening, broke all the walls down. The guards <em>who()</em> were wearing black uniforms ran away.
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| </div>
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| But one lonely man<em> whose()</em> family was very poor tried to fight against the big monster. He shot into the air with the gun <em>which()</em> he had found at the ground. He shot all the ammo to shock the monster.
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| But the monster was so big that he ate him. The man <em>whose()</em> gun was still in his hands shot the monster from the inside. He came back out of the monster and lived happily ever after.
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| THE END
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| Jonas Wolfram, Joshua Porzler (6d)
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| </div>
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| === I saw it with my own eyes ===
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| A woman saw a robbery yesterday. This is what she said to the police officer who interviewed her. Complete the sentences with who, which, or whose.
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| "I saw the robbery ''which()'' took place this morning. I was standing outside the bank ''which()'' they robbed. The first man ''who ()'' came out of the bank had a gun in his hand. The robber ''who ()'' was with him had a bag in his hand. The bag ''which()'' he was carrying was full of money. The man ''whose ()'' face I can remember best was very tall. They drove away in a car ''whose ()'' number I can't remember. It was a white van ''who()'' was probably stolen. The man ''who()'' was waiting in the car had a blue wooly hat on."
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| </div>
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| === Lost & Found ===
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| It is the end of the school year and there is a lot of lost things in a cupboard at school. Complete this dialogue with who, whose or who's (who is).
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| Jane: ''Whose'' is this jacket?
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| Kayne: I think it's Mandy's.
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| Jane: ''Who is'' Mandy?
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| Kayne: She's the girl ''who'' lives in the same street as Luke.
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| Jane: And ''who is'' Luke? I don't know him either.
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| Kayne: Yes, you do. He's the boy ''Whose'' moped is always parked outside Rebecca's house.
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| Jane: Oh, of course. - And ''whose'' are these shoes?
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| Kayne: I don't know ''whose'' they are.
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| </div>
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| === relative adverbs ===
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| Sometimes you modify a noun not with a relative clause but with an adverbial clause:
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| School is the place ''where'' you waste most of your life.
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| These are the times ''when'' Jannis lost his initiative.
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| That is the reason ''why'' Jamie refused to come.
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| I wondered ''why'' she refused the invitation.
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| This is the place ''where'' I was born.
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| </div>
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| === who, which, whose + where, when ===
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| Move the words into the gaps:
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| <div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
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| I looked in all places <em> where </em> where Nessie usually was.
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| It was dark <em> when </em> I came home.
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| </div>
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| | On March 24, 1958, he ''started (start)'' his service in Fort Smith, Arkansas. |
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| | He ''was sent (send)'' to Germany. |
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| == Weblinks ==
| | When his ship ''arrived (arrive)'' in Bremerhaven, he ''was greeted (greet)'' by thousands of German fans.}} |
| {{Achtung|Die nachfolgend aufgelisteten Websites enthalten sinnvolle Übungen zum Lernen und Wiederholen.
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| Vor einem Einsatz im Unterricht sollte man aber für sich klären, ob die eingeblendete Werbung für die jeweilige Lerngruppe akzeptabel und erträglich ist.}}
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| * cafe-lingua: [http://www.cafe-lingua.de/englische-grammatik/relativsaetze-non-defining.php Bestimmende und nicht-bestimmende Relativsätze]
| | {{Fortsetzung|vorherlink=Englisch/Grammatik/Passive/Passive_Present|vorher=Passive - Present simple| |
| * ego4u: [https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/pronouns pronouns]
| | übersicht=The Passive<br>(Overview)|übersichtlink=Englisch/Grammatik/Passive| |
| | weiter=Passiv mit Hilfsverben|weiterlink=Englisch/Grammatik/Passive/Passive mit Hilfsverben |
| | }} |
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| | {{Passive}} |
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