Ireland/History und Ireland/Traditions: Unterschied zwischen den Seiten

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{{Aufgabe-en|#Read the text.
Ireland is a country with rich traditions. The Irish used these to celebrate their history and culture and to come together.
# Can you help me and find some "Questions on the text?"}}
__NOTOC__
== Saint Patrick's Day ==
{{Aufgabe-en|#Read the text. Then work on the [[#Reading Comprehension|Reading comprehension tasks]].
# Do the [[#Use of English|vocabulary exercises]].
# In the end there is a [[#Irish Symbols|fun quiz]].}}
'''St. Patrick’s Day''' is celebrated on March 17, the anniversary of his death in the fifth century. St. Patrick’s Day 2023 will take place on Friday, March 17. This day has been a religious holiday for over 1,000 years. On St. Patrick’s Day, which falls during the Christian season of Lent, Irish families would traditionally attend church in the morning and celebrate in the afternoon. Lenten prohibitions against the consumption of meat were waived and people would dance, drink and feast–on the traditional meal of Irish bacon and cabbage.


== A BRIEF HISTORY OF IRISH EMIGRATION ==
'''Who Was St. Patrick?'''
{{2Spalten|
[[File:Tux_Paint_shamrock.svg|100px|right]]
'''Earliest times:'''
Saint Patrick, who lived during the fifth century, is the patron saint of Ireland and its national apostle. Born in Roman Britain, he was kidnapped and brought to Ireland as a slave at 16. He later escaped, but returned to Ireland and was credited with bringing Christianity to its people.


Irish monks, including St Kilian and St Gallus, leave Ireland to spread the Gospel. St Brendan sets sail in a small boat and is said to have reached America long before Columbus.
In the centuries following Patrick’s death (believed to have been on March 17, 461), the mythology surrounding his life became ever more rooted in the Irish culture: Perhaps the most well-known legend of St. Patrick is that he explained the Holy Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) using the three leaves of a native Irish clover, the shamrock.


'''When Was the First St. Patrick’s Day Celebrated?'''


'''1603:'''
Since around the ninth or 10th century, people in Ireland have been observing the Roman Catholic feast day of St. Patrick on March 17. The first St. Patrick’s Day parade took place not in Ireland but in America. Records show that a St. Patrick’s Day parade was held on March 17, 1601 in a Spanish colony in what is now St. Augustine, Florida.


The Battle of Kinsale ends in defeat for the Irish at the hands of the English. The Flight of the Earls (1607) takes place as Irish leaders bid farewell to their native country. The Wild Geese - Catholic professional soldiers - depart to fight all over Europe.
Over the next years, Irish patriotism among American immigrants flourished, prompting the rise of so-called “Irish Aid” societies like the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick. Each group would hold annual parades featuring bagpipes (which actually first became popular in the Scottish and British armies) and drums. In 1848, several New York Irish Aid societies decided to unite their parades to form one official New York City St. Patrick’s Day Parade. Today, that parade is the world‘s oldest civilian parade and the largest in the United States, with over 150,000 participants. Each year, nearly 3 million people line the 1.5-mile parade route to watch the procession, which takes more than five hours.


'''The Chicago River Dyed Green'''


'''1650-1700:'''
[[File:St. Patricks Day, Chicago (6847945702).jpg|300px|right]]
As Irish immigrants spread out over the United States, other cities developed their own traditions. One of these is Chicago’s annual dyeing of the Chicago River green. The practice started in 1962, when city pollution-control workers used dyes to trace illegal sewage discharges and realized that the green dye might provide a unique way to celebrate the holiday. That year, they released 100 pounds of green vegetable dye into the river–enough to keep it green for a week. Today, in order to minimize environmental damage, only 40 pounds of dye are used, and the river turns green for only several hours.<ref>[https://www.history.com/topics/st-patricks-day/history-of-st-patricks-day History of St. Patrick’s Day] (history.com), shortened and simplified</ref>


A steady stream of emigrants begins to places like Liverpool, the U.S. and Canada. Between 1730 and 1770 200,000 Ulster Protestants emigrate from Ireland. Settlers, soldiers, merchants, farmers and missionaries head off in search of a better life.
{{#ev:youtube|LmNc-NTfmPc}}


=== Reading Comprehension ===
Getting the facts right. (Tick if they are correct, wrong or not in the text.)


'''1845:'''
<div class="multiplechoice-quiz" lang="en">
Saint Patrick’s Day is a special day in Ireland only.  (!true)(false)(!not in the text)


The Great Famine sparks off mass emigration from Ireland. Blight strikes the potatoes which were so vital for the day to day survival of the poor, uneducated Catholic farmer. Between 1845 and 1855 one million Irish starve to death and two million flee the country. Many emigrants do not survive the journey to America, dying in "coffin ships" on the way. Ireland provides America with 45 % of its immigrants at this time.
Saint Patrick lived around the year 500. (!true)(false)(!not in the text)


'''1850:'''
The world’s largest Saint Patrick’s Day parade was in Dublin in 1995.  (!true)(!false)(not in the text)


In Ireland people think more and more about leaving. They stop speaking Irish and switch to English. In America the Irish find work as railroad workers, soldiers, domestic servants and nurses. They help to build America. They send money home to help their families or to buy the passage over for brothers, sisters, cousins and friends. Some save up for their dream of buying a small farm in Ireland.
The Irish Tourist Board were very glad because the parade brought more tourists to New York. (!true)(false)(!not in the text)


'''1900:'''
The Irish Americans are proud of their traditions.  (true)(!false)(!not in the text)
</div>


At the turn of the century three out of every four people born in Ireland will end up abroad<ref>abroad = beyond the bounds of a country; in foreign countries.</ref>. Before they board the ships family and friends come together for the "American Wake" to say goodbye to sons and daughters they may never see again. All day and night they sing, dance, tell stories and drink to kill the pain. This tradition of the Wake continues for many years.
=== Use of English ===
|
'''What can you do on St. Patrick's day ? Match the words with their corresponding definitions.'''
[[File: The sign of the Emigration - geograph.org.uk - 3954483.jpg|400px]]


'''1900-1996:'''
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
<table>
  <tr>
    <td><em>parade</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">1 </span>A public procession or march, especially one commemorating a holiday or special event </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><em>fireworks</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">2 </span>An event or a display where rockets and lights are set off.  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><em>costume</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">3 </span> a speacial dress</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><em>shamrock</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">4 </span> three-leaved plant; often pinned on your clothes or used as a logo</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><em>leprechaun</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">5 </span> magical creatures, said to bring luck</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
    <td><em> pub</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    <td><span class="fett">6 </span>bar or restaurant, often with live music</td>
  </tr> 
  <tr>
  <td><em>anniversary</em></td><td>&nbsp;</td>
  <td><span class="fett">7 </span>A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event happened.</td></tr>
</table>
</div>


Millions of Irish abandon Ireland.


'''1963:'''
'''Complete the dialogues. Use the [[simple past]] or the [[present perfect]]. Watch the signal words!'''


John F. Kennedy, the finest example of an Irish success story abroad, visits Ireland.
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
Sue  I really like your dress, Jenny.


'''1971:'''
Jen  Oh, thank you. I ''bought(buy)'' it <span style="color:#390">yesterday</span> at the new shop that ''has just opened|'s just opened(open / <span style="color:red">just</span>)''.
 
</div>
A study shows 4,000 Irish doctors and 31,000 Irish nurses working in England at a time when there were only 3,000 doctors and 19,000 nurses in Ireland.
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
Bob  I’d like to go to the parade. ''Have you ever been (you <span style="color:red">just</span> be)'' to one?


'''1988:'''
Ted  Yes, of course. Unfortunately there ''wasn't (not, be) one <span style="color:#390">last year</span> because of COVID.<br>
With little prospect of work 45,000 people turn their backs on the country in a year when the number of births registered stands at a figure of 54,000.
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; But I ''went (go)'' to one <span style="color:#390">three years ago</span>.


'''2023:'''
Bob  When are you going to phone Bill to invite him for the party, Ted?
Today 40 % of all Americans and 30 % of Australians claim Irish roots. There are one million native Irish living in Britain. Every year thousands of Irish school children do the "Leaving Certificate Examination" and must then decide whether to stay in Ireland and look for a job or to take the boat or plane to a new life across the waves. 45 % of those who leave end up in England. Yet a new trend appears as many Irish abroad decide to retire to Ireland, buy a house and enjoy the last years of their life in the land of their birth.
 
Ted  Oh, I ''have already phoned|'ve already phoned (<span style="color:red">already</span> / phone)'' her. I ''did (do)'' it <span style="color:#390">before</span> before tea.<br>
(519 words)
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; And I ''have just done|'ve just done (<span style="color:red">just</span>/ do)'' all my homework.
}}
 
'''D.''' '''What do the following words mean?'''
 
Match the expressions (A-E) with their corresponding definitions (1-6).
 
Write the correct numbers in the grid below. '''Be careful''': There is one definition that you do not need. 
 
<div class="grid">
<div class="width-1-3">
'''A''' monk
 
'''B''' battle
 
'''C''' famine
 
'''D''' journey
 
'''E''' wake </div>
<div class="width-2-3">
 
'''1         ''' a long tradition held in America
 
'''2         ''' if you're so hungry that you starve
 
'''3         ''' A general action, fight, or encounter, in which an army meets the enemy
 
'''4         ''' A period after a person's death before or after the body is buried, etc.; in some cultures accompanied by a party
 
'''5         ''' A male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service
 
'''6         ''' a long trip</div>
</div>
</div>


 
== Irish Symbols ==
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
<div class="memo-quiz" lang="en" style="max-width:50em;">
{| class="wikitable" style="width:30em;">
{|
|-
| [[File:Tux_Paint_shamrock.svg|100px]] || shamrock
|-
| [[File:Coat of arms of Ireland.svg|100px]] || harp
|-
| [[File:Triskele-Symbol1.svg|100px]] || Celtic spiral
|-
| [[File:Celtic-knot-insquare.svg|120px]] || Celtic knot
|-
|-
! A !! B !! C !! D !! E
| [[File:Rainbow-diagram-ROYGBIV.svg|100px]] || rainbow
|-
|-
| ''5()'' || ''3()'' || ''2()'' || ''6()'' || ''4()''
| [[File:Ccross.svg|80px]] || Celtic cross
|}
|}
</div>
</div>


{{ToDo|Reading Comprehension tasks must be created --[[Benutzer:Matthias Scharwies|Matthias Scharwies]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Matthias Scharwies|Diskussion]]) 15:55, 17. Jan. 2023 (CET)}}


{{WebQuest Ireland‎}}
{{WebQuest Ireland}}
 
[[Kategorie:Englisch]]
[[Kategorie:Landeskunde]]

Version vom 18. Januar 2023, 05:28 Uhr

Ireland is a country with rich traditions. The Irish used these to celebrate their history and culture and to come together.

Saint Patrick's Day

Task
  1. Read the text. Then work on the Reading comprehension tasks.
  2. Do the vocabulary exercises.
  3. In the end there is a fun quiz.


St. Patrick’s Day is celebrated on March 17, the anniversary of his death in the fifth century. St. Patrick’s Day 2023 will take place on Friday, March 17. This day has been a religious holiday for over 1,000 years. On St. Patrick’s Day, which falls during the Christian season of Lent, Irish families would traditionally attend church in the morning and celebrate in the afternoon. Lenten prohibitions against the consumption of meat were waived and people would dance, drink and feast–on the traditional meal of Irish bacon and cabbage.

Who Was St. Patrick?

Tux Paint shamrock.svg

Saint Patrick, who lived during the fifth century, is the patron saint of Ireland and its national apostle. Born in Roman Britain, he was kidnapped and brought to Ireland as a slave at 16. He later escaped, but returned to Ireland and was credited with bringing Christianity to its people.

In the centuries following Patrick’s death (believed to have been on March 17, 461), the mythology surrounding his life became ever more rooted in the Irish culture: Perhaps the most well-known legend of St. Patrick is that he explained the Holy Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) using the three leaves of a native Irish clover, the shamrock.

When Was the First St. Patrick’s Day Celebrated?

Since around the ninth or 10th century, people in Ireland have been observing the Roman Catholic feast day of St. Patrick on March 17. The first St. Patrick’s Day parade took place not in Ireland but in America. Records show that a St. Patrick’s Day parade was held on March 17, 1601 in a Spanish colony in what is now St. Augustine, Florida.

Over the next years, Irish patriotism among American immigrants flourished, prompting the rise of so-called “Irish Aid” societies like the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick. Each group would hold annual parades featuring bagpipes (which actually first became popular in the Scottish and British armies) and drums. In 1848, several New York Irish Aid societies decided to unite their parades to form one official New York City St. Patrick’s Day Parade. Today, that parade is the world‘s oldest civilian parade and the largest in the United States, with over 150,000 participants. Each year, nearly 3 million people line the 1.5-mile parade route to watch the procession, which takes more than five hours.

The Chicago River Dyed Green

St. Patricks Day, Chicago (6847945702).jpg

As Irish immigrants spread out over the United States, other cities developed their own traditions. One of these is Chicago’s annual dyeing of the Chicago River green. The practice started in 1962, when city pollution-control workers used dyes to trace illegal sewage discharges and realized that the green dye might provide a unique way to celebrate the holiday. That year, they released 100 pounds of green vegetable dye into the river–enough to keep it green for a week. Today, in order to minimize environmental damage, only 40 pounds of dye are used, and the river turns green for only several hours.[1]

Video laden
YouTube

Reading Comprehension

Getting the facts right. (Tick if they are correct, wrong or not in the text.)

Saint Patrick’s Day is a special day in Ireland only. (!true)(false)(!not in the text)

Saint Patrick lived around the year 500. (!true)(false)(!not in the text)

The world’s largest Saint Patrick’s Day parade was in Dublin in 1995. (!true)(!false)(not in the text)

The Irish Tourist Board were very glad because the parade brought more tourists to New York. (!true)(false)(!not in the text)

The Irish Americans are proud of their traditions. (true)(!false)(!not in the text)

Use of English

What can you do on St. Patrick's day ? Match the words with their corresponding definitions.

parade  1 A public procession or march, especially one commemorating a holiday or special event
fireworks  2 An event or a display where rockets and lights are set off.
costume  3 a speacial dress
shamrock  4 three-leaved plant; often pinned on your clothes or used as a logo
leprechaun  5 magical creatures, said to bring luck
pub  6 bar or restaurant, often with live music
anniversary  7 A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event happened.


Complete the dialogues. Use the simple past or the present perfect. Watch the signal words!

Sue  I really like your dress, Jenny.

Jen  Oh, thank you. I bought(buy) it yesterday at the new shop that has just opened|'s just opened(open / just).

Bob  I’d like to go to the parade. Have you ever been (you just be) to one?

Ted  Yes, of course. Unfortunately there wasn't (not, be) one last year because of COVID.
         But I went (go) to one three years ago.

Bob When are you going to phone Bill to invite him for the party, Ted?

Ted  Oh, I have already phoned|'ve already phoned (already / phone) her. I did (do) it before before tea.
        And I have just done|'ve just done (just/ do) all my homework.

Irish Symbols

Tux Paint shamrock.svg shamrock
Coat of arms of Ireland.svg harp
Triskele-Symbol1.svg Celtic spiral
Celtic-knot-insquare.svg Celtic knot
Rainbow-diagram-ROYGBIV.svg rainbow
Ccross.svg Celtic cross


Coat of Arms Irelands

WebQuest Ireland

  1. Fact File
  2. Geography
  3. History
  4. Traditions (typical customs and holidays)
  5. Irish Humour
  6. Limericks
  7. Planning a holiday


  1. ↑ History of St. Patrick’s Day (history.com), shortened and simplified
Abgerufen von „https://unterrichten.zum.de/index.php?title=Ireland/History&oldid=133147“