Wharram Percy/Farming und Wharram Percy/Living: Unterschied zwischen den Seiten

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[[File:Detail_of_Les_tres_riches_heures_-_March.jpg|thumb|center|500px]]
{{Aufgabe-en|
{{Zitat|I saw a poor man and his wife ploughing. She had a short coat, with a sheet on top to keep out the weather. Her feet were bare. At the end of the field was a basket with a little child in it, wrapped in rags. Two others about two years old, stood beside it. They were all crying in misery."|Extract from Pierce the Ploughman's Crede written in the 1390's.“}}
# Read the text.
# Do the interactive exercises.
}}
Welcome to our house. I live here with my husband Henry. He's taking the oats to the mill<ref>mill = place where corn is ground into flour<br>[[File:Poldermolen Zwaantje, Nijemirdum. 26-05-2020 (actm.) 06.jpg|100px]]</ref> today as one of his services to the Lord of the Manor. We have two girls, Emily who is 8 and Matilda who is 6. They are out in the wood collecting fallen branches for the fire.


[[File:Wattle_and_daub_construction.jpg|thumb|300px|center|[[Wharram Percy/Glossary#Wattle and Daub|Wattle and Daub]]]]
The walls are made of [[Wharram Percy/Glossary#Wattle and Daub|Wattle and Daub]]. That's thin branches of wood woven together and then covered with Daub, a mixture of clay, oxhair and dung. The roof is thatched with straw that we are given by the Lord. It’s a bit leaky<ref>leaky = A roof is leaky, if it isn't waterproof and rain comes through</ref> now but it's the harvest soon and we will repair it then. It's a bit dark inside as there is only one very small window. Only the Manor House and the church can afford glass in their windows. We put up a wooden shutter to keep the draughts out. We built the house with the help of our neighbours John the Carter and his wife Jane.


== Three Field System ==
[[File:Thatched_Roof_Inside_View.jpg|thumb|300px|center|thatched Roof]]
The village's farmland is divided into three big open fields. This year wheat and rye are being grown in the north field. Oats, barley, peas and beans in the home field and the south field is being left fallow. This means nothing is planted, grass is allowed to grow and the cattle graze on it. This allows the soil to recover from crop growing. Next year the crops will all move round one field.  


The Lord keeps most of the land for himself but all the villagers are allowed some strips of land in each field. They are spread around the field so that we get a share of the best and the poorest land.  
Its smoky inside, there’s no chimney. Your eyes will get used to the light in a minute. Yes there's only the one room. A few of the villagers have two rooms in their house. It is a bit crowded especially in winter when we keep our cow at the end of the room. That's right: the floor is just  flattened earth.


[[File:Three-field-animated.gif|thumb|500px|center|In this map you can see how the three open fields are divided into strips.<br>Our strips are the ones in dark. It gives you a good idea of the time we can spend moving from strip to strip when we are working on the land.]]
As you can see the room is very bare, some small wooden stools, a table and a wooden chest in which we keep all our belongings. That's the water jug on the table. I have to go and fill it about five times a day. It's quite a walk to the stream and back. We all sleep in the corner of the room on a bed of straw. Henry is going to build a bed when he has time so we don't have to lie on the floor. The smoke from the fire in the middle of the room is the worst thing, the children never stop coughing<ref>to cough [kɒf] = If you can't breathe, you must cough (=husten)</ref> in winter.


== Interactive exercises ==


As well as the fields we have a hay meadow to make winter feed for our animals. All our cattle graze together on the common land near the river during the summer or in the meadow after the hay has been cut.
=== Furniture ===
Not all the poor people had all of that, but find the pairs:


== Strip Farming ==
<div class="memo-quiz" lang="en">
The three field system divided the fields up into strips. These were about 6 yards wide and 220 yards long (5 x 200 metres). The oxen needed a rest after they had pulled a plough for 220 yards (a furlong) or "furrow long", and 6 yards width was wide enough for the plough to go up turn and come back down. These fields were completely open, no hedges, with narrow paths between the strips.  
{|
|-
| [[File:Liberty - Stool Thebes - 1884.jpg|130x130px]] || stool
|-
| [[File:Table axo.svg|130x130px]] || table
|-
| [[File:Treasure_chest.svg  |100px]] || chest
|-
| [[File:Caladrius.jpg|100px]] || bed
|-
| [[Datei:Clipart-shutter.svg|100px]] || shutter
|-
| [[File:Windsor Chair.svg|130x130px]] || chair
|-
| [[Datei:Clipart-bench.svg|100px]] || bench
|}
</div>


== Ridge and Furrow ==
=== "making" your bed ===
[[File:Ridge%26Furrow.JPG|thumb|500px|center|Ridge and furrow in Grendon, Northamptonshire]]
Put in the correct words in the gaps:
This is an aerial photograph of one of the fields in a village called Grendon in Northamptonshire. The land in this village has not been changed by modern deep ploughing methods and the Medieval [[Wharram Percy/Glossary#Ridge and Furrow|Ridge and Furrow]] strips can clearly be seen.
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">
In the medieval ages people didn't have a ''bedroom''. They were "making" their bed in the ''great hall'' of a manor or in the only room of a farm house.


The Ox drawn plough would turn the soil over to the right as it made it's way along the length of the furrow which was about 220 yards. (That's how the measurement of a FURLONG , one eight of a mile or 220 yards got it's name from "a furrow long".) The plough would be turned and made it's way back down the strip turning the soil over to meet the soil from the last line of ploughing.  
When they were tired they put all the ''benches'' next to the wall and rolled out their ''bed rolls'' onto the floor.


These formed the ridges or humps in the field seen in the photograph, leaving furrows or hollows between them. The furrows helped drain the soil. Where the plough turned at the ends of the strip the ridges would usually be flattened out.
Only the richest people had their own bed. It had four posts in all the corners and a panel on top of it. It helped against ''bedbugs'' falling from the ceiling.


== Interactive Exercises ==
On the side there were ''curtains'' which could be ''shut''. This was important because the squires and knaves slept in front of the bed in the same ''room''!
=== Three-Field-System ===
<div class="lueckentext-quiz" lang="en">


</div>
</div>




__NOTOC__
 
{{Fortsetzung|
{{Fortsetzung|
weiterlink=Wharram Percy/Living|weiter=Living<br>(House and Furniture)}}
vorherlink=Wharram Percy/Farming|vorher=Fields & Farming|
weiterlink=Wharram Percy/Food and Drink|weiter=Food and Drink}}


{{Wharram Percy}}


{{Wharram Percy}}
 
<references/>

Version vom 21. November 2020, 06:52 Uhr

Task
  1. Read the text.
  2. Do the interactive exercises.


Welcome to our house. I live here with my husband Henry. He's taking the oats to the mill[1] today as one of his services to the Lord of the Manor. We have two girls, Emily who is 8 and Matilda who is 6. They are out in the wood collecting fallen branches for the fire.

Wattle and Daub

The walls are made of Wattle and Daub. That's thin branches of wood woven together and then covered with Daub, a mixture of clay, oxhair and dung. The roof is thatched with straw that we are given by the Lord. It’s a bit leaky[2] now but it's the harvest soon and we will repair it then. It's a bit dark inside as there is only one very small window. Only the Manor House and the church can afford glass in their windows. We put up a wooden shutter to keep the draughts out. We built the house with the help of our neighbours John the Carter and his wife Jane.

thatched Roof

Its smoky inside, there’s no chimney. Your eyes will get used to the light in a minute. Yes there's only the one room. A few of the villagers have two rooms in their house. It is a bit crowded especially in winter when we keep our cow at the end of the room. That's right: the floor is just flattened earth.

As you can see the room is very bare, some small wooden stools, a table and a wooden chest in which we keep all our belongings. That's the water jug on the table. I have to go and fill it about five times a day. It's quite a walk to the stream and back. We all sleep in the corner of the room on a bed of straw. Henry is going to build a bed when he has time so we don't have to lie on the floor. The smoke from the fire in the middle of the room is the worst thing, the children never stop coughing[3] in winter.

Interactive exercises

Furniture

Not all the poor people had all of that, but find the pairs:

Liberty - Stool Thebes - 1884.jpg stool
Table axo.svg table
Treasure chest.svg chest
Caladrius.jpg bed
Clipart-shutter.svg shutter
Windsor Chair.svg chair
Clipart-bench.svg bench

"making" your bed

Put in the correct words in the gaps:

In the medieval ages people didn't have a bedroom. They were "making" their bed in the great hall of a manor or in the only room of a farm house.

When they were tired they put all the benches next to the wall and rolled out their bed rolls onto the floor.

Only the richest people had their own bed. It had four posts in all the corners and a panel on top of it. It helped against bedbugs falling from the ceiling.

On the side there were curtains which could be shut. This was important because the squires and knaves slept in front of the bed in the same room!


Fields & Farming
Food and Drink
Wharram Percy Geograph.jpg

A Walk around Wharram Percy

  1. Fields & Farming
  2. Living (House and Furniture)
  3. Food & Drink
  4. Fashion & Clothes
  5. Manor House
  6. A Knight's Tale
  7. Feudal System
  8. The Blacksmith
  9. Manorial Court


  1. ↑ mill = place where corn is ground into flour
    Poldermolen Zwaantje, Nijemirdum. 26-05-2020 (actm.) 06.jpg
  2. ↑ leaky = A roof is leaky, if it isn't waterproof and rain comes through
  3. ↑ to cough [kɒf] = If you can't breathe, you must cough (=husten)
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